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Hemorrhoids, also known as piles, are a medical condition that occurs when the veins in the lower rectum or anus become swollen and inflamed. The veins may be located inside the rectum (internal hemorrhoids) or outside the anus (external hemorrhoids). Hemorrhoids can develop due to a variety of factors, including straining during bowel movements, sitting for long periods of time, obesity, pregnancy, and aging. They are a common condition, affecting about 50% of adults over the age of 50 years. Hemorrhoids can cause discomfort, pain, itching, and bleeding, but many cases can be treated with home remedies or medical interventions. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for managing symptoms and preventing complications.